However in the reference list all authors must be listed. 1: Research by Wegener, Petty and Tom (1994) showed… (Wegener, Petty and Tom, 1994).įour or more Authors: The manuscript must list the first author in the signal phrase or in parentheses and add et al. Use the word “and” between the author’s names within the text and in the parentheses. Three Authors: The manuscript must name all authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time the work is cited. 2: The Harvard style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998: 199) 1: According to Jones (1998), the Harvard style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners.Į.g. Summary or Paraphrase: Manuscripts that paraphrase an idea from another work, must make reference to the author and year of publication in the in-text reference, it may provide the page number (although it is not required).Į.G. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many students failed to purchase a style manual or to ask their teacher for help. Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time citing sources. Jones’s (1998: 199) study found the following: Long Quotations: Quotations of more than 40 words and above must be indented and follow this example: 1: According to Jones (1998: 199), ‘Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially, when it was their first time.’ E.g.Ģ: She stated, ‘Students often had difficulty using APA style,’ (Jones,ġ998: 199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why. Watch out for placement of punctuation at the end of the quotations E.g. Short Quotations: When quoting directly from a work, citation should include name of author, year of publication, and the page number for the reference. In-text citations should keep to the Harvard format. All citations and references must follow the rules and guidelines of the Harvard style. Citations and references must be included in the body of the article and as a separate reference list. The caption of each illustration must acknowledge the source and copyright owner. There should be about five key words after the abstract.įigures, tables, graphs, charts and illustrations should be originals and of high resolutions.summary of key results/findings or expectations.background indicating the rationale for conducting the study,.The second file should contain just the title (topic), the abstract and the paper (minus the name(s) of the author(s) and their affiliation(s). One should contain the title (topic) of the paper, name(s) of author(s), institutional affiliations and a brief biography of the author(s). The electronic submission must come in two (2) files. Main articles must be accompanied by an abstract of a maximum of 200 (two hundred) words and the biographical information of up to 100 words.Īuthors must be guided by the following style when preparing manuscripts for publication: Papers/manuscripts should be submitted electronically via e-mail in an MS Word format.Īrticles/manuscripts must conform to the latest edition of the Harvard referencing style and should strictly not exceed 6,500 words in length, with essays and book reviews not exceeding 2,500 words. Authors should submit original articles that have not been submitted elsewhere for publication and are not beingĬonsidered by another journal.
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